In medium-voltage power distribution networks, the 10kV voltage level is a key link connecting substations and distribution stations. The 10kV Single Core Overhead Cable (Aluminum Conductor, XLPE Insulated, 16 mm²) has become an ideal choice for urban and rural medium-voltage distribution lines, industrial park power supply dedicated lines, and power transmission in remote areas, thanks to its core advantages of "high-efficiency conductivity, reliable insulation, and adaptability to medium-voltage scenarios". Its design fully considers the electrical performance requirements of medium-voltage overhead environments and complex outdoor conditions. Through material selection and structural optimization, it achieves the comprehensive value of "low loss, anti-aging, and easy installation", and can effectively meet the multiple requirements of medium-voltage distribution systems for safety and stability, long-term durability, and cost-effectiveness.​ In terms of material and structural design, the cable adopts a core structure of "16 mm² aluminum conductor + XLPE insulation", and each component is accurately optimized for the characteristics of medium-voltage overhead scenarios. The conductor is made of high-purity aluminum with a purity of ≥99.5%, manufactured through a concentric stranding process. The stranding lay length is strictly controlled between 12-16 times the outer diameter of the conductor. This design not only improves the flexibility of the conductor, facilitating bending and installation between poles (such as crossing roads and avoiding obstacles) but also enhances fatigue resistance. It can withstand mechanical stresses caused by wind vibration and temperature alternations (-40℃ to 90℃) in long-term outdoor environments, preventing conductor breakage or deformation. Compared with copper conductors of the same specification, aluminum conductors reduce material costs by 40%-50%, and their density is only 27% of that of copper. The weight of a 16 mm² aluminum conductor cable per kilometer is about 30% of that of a copper conductor cable, significantly reducing the load-bearing pressure on poles and towers, and lowering the investment in infrastructure such as poles and brackets in the project. It is particularly suitable for large-scale medium-voltage overhead line laying.​ The insulation layer is made of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), which forms a three-dimensional network molecular structure through chemical cross-linking. Its performance is far superior to ordinary polyethylene and is the core of ensuring medium-voltage power supply safety: Firstly, it has excellent electrical insulation performance, with a breakdown field strength of over 26kV/mm, far higher than the requirements of the 10kV voltage level. It can effectively isolate current leakage between the conductor and the outside world, avoiding short circuits and ground faults in medium-voltage lines due to insulation failure, and ensuring the stable operation of the distribution system. Secondly, it has outstanding heat resistance, with a long-term allowable operating temperature of up to 90℃ and a short-term overload temperature of up to 130℃ (duration ≤5 seconds). It can cope with short-term large current impacts during peak summer electricity consumption or equipment startup, delaying the insulation aging rate. Thirdly, it has extremely strong weather resistance, capable of withstanding UV radiation, rain erosion, and acid rain corrosion, avoiding cracking and embrittlement of the insulation layer, and extending the cable's service life to more than 25 years (the service life of ordinary PE-insulated medium-voltage cables is about 15 years). At the same time, XLPE insulation has excellent mechanical strength, with a tensile strength of 16MPa and wear resistance more than twice that of ordinary PE, which can reduce external damage during construction and installation, and lower later operation and maintenance costs.​ In terms of electrical performance, the current-carrying capacity and loss characteristics of the 16 mm² aluminum conductor are fully adapted to the needs of medium-voltage distribution: at a working temperature of 90℃, the continuous current-carrying capacity of the conductor can reach 85A, which can meet the medium-voltage power supply needs of small and medium-sized industrial parks and multiple distribution stations; the DC resistance of the conductor at 20℃ is ≤1.83Ω/km, far lower than the upper limit of industry standards, with low current transmission loss, which can reduce power waste in medium-voltage lines and improve the overall efficiency of the distribution system. In addition, the capacitance and inductance parameters of the cable have been optimized, which can effectively suppress voltage fluctuations and electromagnetic interference in medium-voltage lines, ensuring the stable operation of precision equipment (such as industrial production machinery and intelligent distribution terminals).​ In terms of application scenarios, the cable's adaptability accurately covers the core fields of medium-voltage distribution: In urban and rural medium-voltage distribution lines, its lightweight feature facilitates upgrading and laying on existing poles without large-scale replacement of poles, reducing grid transformation costs, and the weather resistance of XLPE insulation can adapt to diverse urban and rural climates (such as rainy in the south, cold in the north, and high humidity in coastal areas). In industrial park power supply dedicated lines, the current-carrying capacity of the 16 mm² conductor can meet the production power needs of small and medium-sized factories, and the chemical corrosion resistance of XLPE insulation can resist mild industrial waste gas and dust pollution around the park, avoiding premature aging of the insulation layer. In power transmission in remote areas, the low-loss characteristics of the cable can reduce power waste during long-distance transmission, and the cost advantage of aluminum conductors can reduce the overall investment in power grid construction in remote areas, contributing to universal power access.​ From the perspective of cost and operation and maintenance, this cable shows significant comprehensive advantages. In addition to the direct material cost advantage brought by aluminum conductors, the long-term durability of XLPE insulation further reduces the full-life cycle cost—its anti-aging performance reduces the frequency of cable replacement (the number of replacements during the life cycle is only 2/3 of that of ordinary PE-insulated cables), and the insulation failure rate is low, reducing the annual operation and maintenance inspection cost by about 30%. At the same time, the cable strictly complies with the national standard GB/T 14049-2018 "Overhead Insulated Cables for Rated Voltage of 10kV" and the international standard IEC 60502-2, and meets high industry standards in key indicators such as conductor DC resistance, insulation resistance, and dielectric loss, ensuring that the safety and stability of medium-voltage power supply are not sacrificed while controlling costs.​ In conclusion, the 10kV Single Core Overhead Cable (Aluminum Conductor, XLPE Insulated, 16 mm²) has become an efficient solution in the field of medium-voltage overhead power distribution with its scientific material combination, excellent electrical performance, and scenario-based design. It can not only meet the core needs of medium-voltage distribution systems for safety, stability, and durability but also reduce project investment through cost optimization and low operation and maintenance characteristics, which is of great significance for promoting the upgrading of medium-voltage distribution networks and ensuring the reliability of urban, rural, and industrial power supply.